Medical Health Encyclopedia

Oseltamivir, widely known by its brand name Tamiflu, is an antiviral medication used to treat and prevent influenza A and influenza B viruses. It is most effective when initiated within 48 hours of symptom onset.

Probiotics (Lactobacillus) are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They are frequently used to restore the natural balance of gut flora, especially during or after a course of antibiotics or following an episode of diarrhoea.

Neomycin/Bacitracin is a combination topical antibiotic ointment used to prevent and treat minor skin infections caused by small cuts, scrapes, or burns.

Zinc Oxide Cream is a widely used topical barrier cream. It is most commonly applied to prevent and treat nappy rash in infants, as well as to protect minor skin irritations and abrasions.

Chloral hydrate is an older sedative and hypnotic medication. In modern paediatric medicine, it is primarily used for short-term sedation before diagnostic procedures, such as MRI or EEG scans.

Dimethindene is a first-generation antihistamine commonly used to relieve allergic symptoms, such as itching, hives, and allergic rhinitis. It is frequently available as topical gels or oral drops for paediatric use.

Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) is a specific mixture of essential electrolytes and carbohydrates designed to treat and prevent dehydration, particularly resulting from acute diarrhea or gastroenteritis.

Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication specifically approved for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults.

Methylphenidate, commonly known by the brand name Ritalin, is a central nervous system stimulant used as a primary treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. It is primarily used to treat nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting), diabetes insipidus, and certain bleeding disorders.

Permethrin is a topical medication used as a first-line treatment for scabies (a skin infestation by mites) and pediculosis (head lice or pubic lice).

Fusidic acid is a topical antibiotic highly effective against staphylococcal skin infections. It is commonly used to treat conditions like impetigo, infected cuts, and infected dermatitis.