Medical Health Encyclopedia

Lorazepam is a versatile benzodiazepine medication used for anxiety disorders, insomnia, active seizures (status epilepticus), and as a pre-anaesthetic medication for sedation.

Alprazolam is a fast-acting benzodiazepine medication primarily prescribed for the short-term management of panic attacks and severe anxiety disorders.

Escitalopram is a highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly prescribed for the treatment of major depressive disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.

Sertraline is a widely prescribed antidepressant belonging to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, and anxiety disorders.

Oseltamivir, widely known by its brand name Tamiflu, is an antiviral medication used to treat and prevent influenza A and influenza B viruses. It is most effective when initiated within 48 hours of symptom onset.

Valacyclovir is an antiviral medication and a prodrug of acyclovir. It is used for the same conditions—such as shingles, cold sores, and genital herpes—but offers greater bioavailability, allowing for less frequent dosing.

Acyclovir is an antiviral medication primarily used to treat infections caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), including cold sores and genital herpes, as well as the varicella-zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles.

Probiotics (Lactobacillus) are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They are frequently used to restore the natural balance of gut flora, especially during or after a course of antibiotics or following an episode of diarrhoea.

Neomycin/Bacitracin is a combination topical antibiotic ointment used to prevent and treat minor skin infections caused by small cuts, scrapes, or burns.

Zinc Oxide Cream is a widely used topical barrier cream. It is most commonly applied to prevent and treat nappy rash in infants, as well as to protect minor skin irritations and abrasions.

Chloral hydrate is an older sedative and hypnotic medication. In modern paediatric medicine, it is primarily used for short-term sedation before diagnostic procedures, such as MRI or EEG scans.

Dimethindene is a first-generation antihistamine commonly used to relieve allergic symptoms, such as itching, hives, and allergic rhinitis. It is frequently available as topical gels or oral drops for paediatric use.