Medical Health Encyclopedia
Probiotics (Lactobacillus)
Probiotics (Lactobacillus) are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. They are frequently used to restore the natural balance of gut flora, especially during or after a course of antibiotics or following an episode of diarrhoea.
甲硝唑（Metronidazole）
Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat a wide variety of infections, including bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and certain gastrointestinal infections.
聚乙二醇（Macrogol (PEG)）
Macrogol, also known as polyethylene glycol (PEG), is an osmotic laxative used for the treatment of constipation and fecal impaction.
比沙可啶（Bisacodyl）
Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative used for the short-term treatment of constipation and for bowel preparation before clinical procedures.
番瀉葉（Senna）
Senna is a stimulant laxative used to treat constipation and clear the bowel before medical procedures. It stimulates the bowel muscles to induce a bowel movement.
乳果糖（Lactulose）
Lactulose is an osmotic laxative used to treat chronic constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It works by drawing water into the bowel to soften stools.
碳酸鈣（Calcium Carbonate）
Calcium carbonate is a widely available dietary supplement used to prevent or treat calcium deficiency. Calcium is essential for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth, and it is frequently combined with vitamin D and osteoporosis medications to maximize bone health.
美貝維林（Mebeverine）
Mebeverine is an antispasmodic medication used primarily to relieve stomach cramps and spasms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and other gastrointestinal disorders.
氫溴酸東莨菪鹼（Hyoscine）
Hyoscine hydrobromide, also known as scopolamine, is an anticholinergic medication primarily used to prevent motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It can also be used to reduce saliva production.
西甲矽油（Simethicone）
Simethicone is an anti-foaming agent used to relieve discomfort caused by excessive gas in the stomach and intestines. It is commonly used for bloating, belching, and flatulence.
洛哌丁胺（Loperamide）
Loperamide is a widely used antidiarrheal medication that helps to slow down the movement of the gut. It is effectively used to control acute episodes of diarrhea and manage chronic diarrhea in conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.
普魯氯哌嗪（Prochlorperazine）
Prochlorperazine is a phenothiazine antiemetic and antipsychotic medication used to treat severe nausea and vomiting, as well as conditions like vertigo and schizophrenia.
