莫匹羅星（Mupirocin）
Overview
Mupirocin is a topical antibiotic ointment or cream used primarily to treat superficial skin infections, such as impetigo, and to eliminate MRSA colonization in the nasal passages.
Mechanism of Action
It uniquely inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by specifically binding to bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. This prevents the incorporation of isoleucine into bacterial proteins, effectively stopping bacterial growth.
Dosage and Administration
For skin infections, a small amount is applied to the affected area 3 times daily for up to 10 days. The treated area may be covered with a sterile bandage. For nasal MRSA eradication, it is applied to the inside of each nostril twice daily.
Side Effects
Local reactions at the site of application are the most common side effects, including burning, stinging, pain, or itching. Systemic absorption is minimal, making systemic side effects extremely rare.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to mupirocin. It should not be used on large areas of broken skin or burns, particularly the ointment formulation which contains polyethylene glycol that can be toxic if absorbed in large amounts.
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