頭孢地尼（Cefdinir）
Overview
Cefdinir is a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including middle ear infections, strep throat, and pneumonia.
Mechanism of Action
It is bactericidal and works by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell wall instability and bacterial cell death. It is stable in the presence of some beta-lactamase enzymes.
Dosage and Administration
Taken orally as a capsule or liquid suspension. The typical adult dose is 300 mg every 12 hours or 600 mg once daily for 5 to 10 days. Antacids or iron supplements should be taken at least 2 hours apart from cefdinir.
Side Effects
Common side effects include diarrhea, vaginal yeast infections, nausea, and headache. A harmless but alarming side effect is the potential for reddish stools, especially if taken with iron-containing products.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of penicillin allergy due to the risk of cross-reactivity.
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