甲芬那酸（Mefenamic Acid）
Overview
Mefenamic Acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) primarily used for the short-term relief of mild to moderate pain, particularly menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea).
Mechanism of Action
It works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which reduces the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are mediators of pain and inflammation, and their reduction helps alleviate menstrual cramps and associated pain.
Dosage and Administration
The typical adult dosage is an initial dose of 500 mg, followed by 250 mg every 6 hours as needed, usually not exceeding 7 days of continuous use. It should be taken with food to minimize stomach upset.
Side Effects
Common side effects include stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness. Like other NSAIDs, it carries risks of gastrointestinal bleeding and cardiovascular events, especially with long-term use.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with active peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, severe renal or hepatic impairment, or a history of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs. Avoid use during the third trimester of pregnancy.
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