纈沙坦（Valsartan）
Overview
Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) widely prescribed for the management of hypertension and heart failure, and to improve survival following a heart attack.
Mechanism of Action
It blocks the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to narrow. By blocking this effect, valsartan allows blood vessels to relax and widen, reducing blood pressure and the workload on the heart.
Dosage and Administration
For hypertension, the usual starting dose is 80 mg or 160 mg once daily. For heart failure, it is typically started at 40 mg twice daily.
Side Effects
Common side effects include dizziness, fatigue, and viral infections. Unlike ACE inhibitors, it is less likely to cause a dry cough.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of fetal harm. Caution in severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
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