瑞舒伐他汀（Rosuvastatin）
Overview
Rosuvastatin is a highly potent statin used to treat high cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular events. It is particularly effective at lowering LDL cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol.
Mechanism of Action
It selectively and competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Its hydrophilic nature and high hepatic extraction contribute to its potency.
Dosage and Administration
Starting doses range from 5 mg to 10 mg once daily, titrating up to a maximum of 40 mg daily for severe hypercholesterolemia. The 40 mg dose should be used cautiously.
Side Effects
Common side effects include headache, muscle pain, and abdominal pain. It carries a risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis, particularly at higher doses or when combined with certain other drugs.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with active liver disease. The 40 mg dose is contraindicated in patients with pre-disposing factors for myopathy.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as cholesterol is essential for fetal development.
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