黃體酮（Progesterone）
Overview
Progesterone is a female hormone crucial for regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. It is commonly prescribed to treat irregular periods, prevent miscarriage, and as part of hormone replacement therapy.
Mechanism of Action
It acts on the endometrium, converting it to its secretory stage to prepare the uterus for implantation. During pregnancy, it decreases maternal immune response to allow for the acceptance of the pregnancy and decreases uterine smooth muscle contractility.
Dosage and Administration
Dosage and route of administration (oral, vaginal, or intramuscular) vary depending on the specific indication, such as luteal phase support or menstrual induction.
Side Effects
Common side effects include dizziness, breast tenderness, fatigue, headache, and mood swings.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in patients with undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding, known or suspected breast cancer, active liver disease, or a history of thromboembolic disorders.
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