格列美脲（Glimepiride）
Overview
Glimepiride is a second-generation sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemic agent. It is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Mechanism of Action
Like other sulfonylureas, glimepiride lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from functioning pancreatic beta cells. It binds to the sulfonylurea receptor, leading to the closure of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, depolarization of the cell membrane, and subsequent insulin secretion.
Dosage and Administration
The starting dose is usually 1 to 2 mg once daily, administered with breakfast or the first main meal. The dose may be titrated based on glycemic response, up to a maximum of 8 mg daily.
Side Effects
Hypoglycemia is the most significant side effect. Weight gain is also common. Less frequent adverse effects include dizziness, headache, nausea, and transient visual disturbances at the start of treatment.
Contraindications
It should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, or a history of hypersensitivity to glimepiride or other sulfonylureas. Caution is advised in patients with severe renal or hepatic dysfunction.
Pregnancy and Lactation
Glimepiride should be avoided during pregnancy due to the risk of prolonged hypoglycemia in the neonate. It is also not recommended for nursing mothers as it may be excreted in human milk.
The medication usage, medical information, and related content provided on this website are for general informational purposes only. Under no circumstances should they be considered a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment plans. Users must consult a registered doctor, pharmacist, or other qualified healthcare professional before making any medical decisions. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. Do not use the information provided here to self-diagnose or treat any health issues or diseases.
Statement on Information Sources and Objectivity
The medical information and content presented on this website are based on widely recognised medical knowledge and public literature, and have been retrieved, translated, and compiled with the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Details regarding disease symptoms, drug indications, mechanisms of action, and side effects are objective medical facts intended purely for general public education and reference.
Limitation of Liability
This website, and those who operate it, accept no legal liability for any of the following:
- Any direct or indirect consequences arising from a user's use of, or reliance on, the information provided on this website.
- Any adverse reactions, side effects, or other impacts resulting from the use of medications or treatments mentioned on this website.
- The accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the information provided on this website (including content retrieved and compiled via AI).
If you are experiencing a medical emergency, please seek immediate professional medical assistance or call emergency services.
