法莫替丁（Famotidine）
Overview
Famotidine is an H2-receptor antagonist that decreases stomach acid production. It is commonly used to treat and prevent ulcers in the stomach and intestines, and to manage conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Mechanism of Action
It competitively inhibits the action of histamine at the H2-receptors of the gastric parietal cells, thereby reducing both the volume and acidity of gastric juices.
Dosage and Administration
For adults, the typical dose for active duodenal ulcers is 40 mg once daily at bedtime or 20 mg twice daily. For GERD, the usual dose is 20 mg twice daily.
Side Effects
Common side effects include headache, dizziness, constipation, and diarrhea. It is generally well-tolerated.
Contraindications
It is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to famotidine or other H2-receptor antagonists.
Pregnancy and Lactation
It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is excreted in breast milk, so a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug.
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